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WinRAR - What's new in the latest version


Version 6.24

1. Bugs fixed:

a) WinRAR and UnRAR.dll extraction command dereferenced a null pointer
and crashed when processing a zero length archive name
in the archive metadata stored with -am switch.

We are thankful to Radoslaw Madej from Check Point software
for reporting this issue;

b) WinRAR and UnRAR.dll extraction command overwrote extracted file
data with contents of ::$DATA NTFS alternate data stream,
if such stream was present in the archive. In this case
unpacked data size and checksum could mismatch file size
and checksum displayed in WinRAR file list. It didn't affect
file name and type, which were displayed properly.

We are thankful to Ata Hakcil for reporting this issue.


Version 6.23

1. Added extraction of XZ archives utilizing ARM64 filter.

2. Rar$LS* temporary files, created when extracting or testing multiple
archives from Windows context menu, are now deleted immediately.
Previously they were deleted only on next WinRAR runs and only
if they were at least 1 hour old.

3. Bugs fixed:

a) a security issue involving out of bounds write is fixed
in RAR4 recovery volumes processing code.

We are thankful to goodbyeselene working with Trend Micro Zero Day
Initiative for letting us know about this bug;

b) WinRAR could start a wrong file after a user double clicked
an item in a specially crafted archive.

We are thankful to Andrey Polovinkin from Group-IB Threat
Intelligence unit for letting us know about this bug;

c) if both NTFS and Unix time extra fields were available for a file
in ZIP archive, extraction command ignored the second extra field
even if it provided more time fields than first one;

d) interface themes were applied to archive icons even if
"Apply to archive icons" option in "Organize themes" dialog
was turned off.


Version 6.22

1. Bugs fixed:

a) extracting individual files from solid archives created by
RAR versions older than 2.0, could fail in WinRAR 6.20 and 6.21.
It didn't affect extracting the entire archive, which was performed
correctly;

b) files in Unix ARJ archives could be erroneously displayed as folders
in WinRAR file list;

c) "Display files in Explorer" extraction option was ignored
if "When done: Close WinRAR" option was also set and archive
was opened in WinRAR before extracting;

d) file size value in the internal viewer status bar didn't include
the byte order mask field, displaying a smaller than actual size
for Unicode files.


Version 6.21

1. Both file and folder modification timestamps are restored
when unpacking TAR and TAR based archives like tar.gz and tar.bz2.
Previously only file modification timestamps were set
for these archive formats.

2. Added decompression of .tar.zst archives with dictionary
exceeding 128 MB. WinRAR 6.20 allowed such dictionary for .zst,
but not for .tar.zst.

3. Switches -ed and -e+d are also supported by ZIP archives.
Previously they worked only for RAR archives.

4. Bugs fixed:

a) if unencrypted file was stored after encrypted in the same
RAR archive and both files had been unpacked in the same extraction
command, WinRAR 6.20 failed to unpack the unencrypted file;

b) in some cases a wrong detailed reason of file open error could be
displayed in the second line of open error message.


Version 6.20

1. If "Autodetect passwords" option in "Organizer passwords" dialog
is enabled and password matching a processing archive is present
among saved passwords, it is applied automatically. This option
is applicable only for archives in RAR 5.0 and ZIP formats,
which allow to verify the password validity quickly.

There is a minor chance of incorrect password detection
for ZIP archives if stored passwords do not include a proper one.
If encrypted ZIP archive extraction fails, you can try to disable
this option, repeat extraction and enter a valid password manually.

2. If extraction command involves only a part of files in RAR archive,
the additional archive analysis is performed when starting extraction.
It helps to properly unpack file references even if reference source
is not selected. It works for most of RAR archives except for volumes
on multiple removable media and archives containing a very large
number of references.

Also in some cases such analysis may help to optimize the amount
of processing data when extracting individual files from
semi-solid archives created with -s<N> and -se switches.

3. "Save original archive name and time" option on "Options" page
of archiving dialog allows to save the original archive name
and creation time. If archive includes such saved name and time,
they are displayed on "Info" page of "Show information" command
and can be restored on "Options" page of same command.
Restoring involves renaming an archive to original name and setting
the saved time as the archive creation and modification time.

Switch -ams or just -am together with archive modification commands
can be used to save the archive name and time in the command line mode.
These saved parameters are displayed in header of "l" and "v" commands
output and can be restored with -amr switch combined with "ch" command,
such as "rar ch -amr arc.rar". If -amr is specified, "ch" ignores
other archive modification switches.

4. Faster RAR5 compression of poorly compressible data on modern CPUs
with 8 or more execution threads. This applies to all methods
except "Fastest", which performance remains the same.

5. "Repair" command efficiency is improved for shuffled data blocks
in recovery record protected RAR5 archives.

6. If file size has grown after archiving when creating non-solid
RAR volumes, such file is stored without compression regardless of
volume number, provided that file isn't split between volumes.
Previously it worked only for files in the first volume.

7. Added decompression of .zipx archives containing file references,
provided that both reference source and target are selected
and reference source precedes the target inside of archive.

Typically, if .zipx archive includes file references, it is necessary
to unpack the entire archive to extract references successfully.

8. Added decompression of .zst long range mode archives with dictionary
exceeding 128 MB. Previously it was possible to decompress them only
if dictionary was 128 MB or less.

9. If "Turn PC off", "Hibernate", "Sleep" or "Restart PC" archiving
options are enabled in WinRAR, a prompt to confirm or cancel
such power management action is displayed directly before starting it.
If no selection was made by user for 30 seconds, the proposed action
is confirmed and started automatically.

This prompt is also displayed for -ioff switch in WinRAR command line,
but not in console RAR command line.

10. Context menu in WinRAR file list provides "Open in internal viewer"
command for archive files. It can be helpful if you wish to view
the archive raw data in internal viewer. For example, to read
an email archive with UUE attachments included.

Usual "View" command always displays the archive contents.
If file is recognized as UUE archive, "View" would show UUE attachments.

11. Recovery record size is displayed on "Archive" page of file properties
invoked from Explorer context menu for archives in RAR5 format.
Previously there was only "Present" instead of exact size
for RAR5 archives.

12. When archiving from stdin with -si switch, RAR displays the current
amount of read bytes as the progress indicator.

13. If wrong password is specified when adding files to encrypted
solid RAR5 archive, a password will be requested again.
Previous versions cancelled archiving in this case.

14. If both options "Test archived files" and "Clear attribute "Archive"
after compressing" or their command line -t -ac equivalents are
enabled when archiving, "Archive" attribute will be cleared only
if test was completed successfully. Previously it was cleared even
when test reported errors.

15. NoDrives value containing the bit mask to hide drives can be now
read from "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\WinRAR\Policy" Registry key,
which allows to include it to winrar.ini if necessary.
Its "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies" locations
in HKEY_CURRENT_USER and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are also supported.

Previously only "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies"
in HKEY_CURRENT_USER was recognized.

16. Bugs fixed:

a) archive modification commands could fail for some ZIP archives
with file comments;

b) fixed a memory leak when reading contents of .tar.bz2 archives;

c) if source and resulting archive format is the same, the archive
conversion command didn't set the original archive time
to a newly created archive even if "Original archive time" option
was selected in archiving parameters;

d) if "Merge volumes contents" option in "Settings/File list" was
turned on, the folder packed size in WinRAR file list could be
less than expected when browsing a multivolume archive contents.
It didn't include the packed size of file parts continuing from
previous volume into calculation;

e) even if "Set file security" extraction option was turned off
by default, extraction commands in Explorer context menu still
attempted to restore NTFS file security data;

f) WinRAR could read data beyond the end of buffer and crash
when unpacking files from specially crafted ZIP archive.
We are thankful to Bakker working with Trend Micro Zero Day
Initiative for letting us know about this bug.



Version 6.11

1. Added support for Gz archives with large archive comments.
Previously the extraction command failed to unpack gz archives
if comment size exceeded 16 KB.

2. Archive comments in gz archives are displayed in the comment window
and recognized by "Show information" command. Large comments are
shown partially.

Previous versions didn't display Gzip comments.

3. Reserved device names followed by file extension, such as aux.txt,
are extracted as is in Windows 11 even without "Allow potentially
incompatible names" option or -oni command line switch.
Unlike previous Windows versions, Windows 11 treats such names
as usual files.

Device names without extension, such as aux, still require these
options to be unpacked as is regardless of Windows version.

4. Switch -mes can be also used to suppress the password prompt
and abort when adding files to encrypted solid archive.

5. Additional measures to prevent extracting insecure links are
implemented.

6. Bugs fixed:

a) if password exceeding 127 characters was entered when unpacking
an encrypted archive with console RAR, text after 127th character
could be erroneously recognized as user's input by different
prompts issued later;

b) wrong archived file time could be displayed in overwrite prompt
when extracting a file from ZIP archive. It happened if such
archive included extended file times and was created in another
time zone. It didn't affect the actual file time, which was set
properly upon extraction.


Version 6.10

1. WinRAR can unpack contents of .zst and .zipx archives utilizing
Zstandard algorithm.

2. Added support of Windows 11 Explorer context menus.

Beginning from Windows 11, an application can add only a single top
level command or submenu to Explorer context menu.

If "Cascaded context menus" in "Integration settings" dialog is on,
this single item is a submenu storing all necessary WinRAR commands.

If this option is off, only one extraction command for archives
and one archiving command for usual files are available.
You can select these commands with "Context menu items..." button
in "Integration settings" dialog.

3. "Legacy context menus" option in "Settings/Integration" dialog
can be used in Windows 11 if WinRAR commands are missing in
"Show more options" Windows legacy context menu or in context menus
of third party file managers. If WinRAR commands are already present
here, keep "Legacy context menus" option turned off to prevent
duplicating them.

This option is not available in Windows 10 and older.

4. Windows XP is not supported anymore. Minimum required operating
system version is Windows Vista.

5. "Close" item is added to "When done" list on "Advanced" page of
archiving dialog. It closes WinRAR window, when archiving is done.

6. "When done" list is added to "Options" page of extraction dialog.
It allows to select an action like turning a computer off
or closing WinRAR after completing extraction.

7. Switch -si can be used when extracting or testing to read archive
data from stdin, such as:

type docs.rar | rar x -si -o+ -pmypwd dummy docs\

Even though the archive name is ignored with this switch,
an arbitrary dummy archive name has to specified in the command line.

Operations requiring backward seeks are unavailable in this mode.
It includes displaying archive comments, testing the recovery record,
utilizing the quick open information, processing multivolume archives.

Prompts requiring user interaction are not allowed.
Use -o[+|-|r], -p<pwd> or -mes switches to suppress such prompts.

8. New -ep4<path> switch excludes the path prefix when archiving
or extracting if this path is found in the beginning of archived name.
Path is compared with names already prepared to store in archive,
without drive letters and leading path separators. For example:

rar a -ep4texts\books archive c:\texts\books\technical

removes "text\books" from archived names, so they start
from 'technical'.

9. New -mes switch skips encrypted files when extracting or testing.
It replaces the former -p- switch.

10. New -op<path> switch sets the destination folder for 'x' and 'e'
extraction commands. Unlike <path_to_extract\> command line parameter,
this switch also accepts paths without trailing path separator
character.

11. If 'p' command is used to print a file to stdout, informational
messages are suppressed automatically to prevent them mixing
with file data.

12. "Generate archive name by mask" option and switch -ag treat only
first two 'M' characters after 'H' as minutes. Previously any
amount of such characters was considered as minutes.

It makes possible to place the time field before the date,
like -agHHMM-DDMMYY. Previous versions considered all 'M'
in this string as minutes.

13. Maximum allowed size of RAR5 recovery record is increased to 1000%
of protected data size. Maximum number of RAR5 recovery volumes
can be 10 times larger than protected RAR volumes.

Previous WinRAR versions are not able to use the recovery record
to repair broken archives if recovery record size exceeds 99%.
Similarly, previous versions cannot use recovery volumes
if their number is equal or larger than number of RAR volumes.

14. Warning is issued if entered password exceeds the allowed limit
of 127 characters and is truncated. Previously such passwords
had been truncated silently.

15. If archive includes reserved device names, the underscore character
is inserted in the beginning of such names when extracting.
For example, aux.txt is converted to _aux.txt. It is done to prevent
compatibility problems with software unable to process such names.

You can use "Allow potentially incompatible names" option
in "Advanced" part of extraction dialog or command line -oni switch
to avoid this conversion.

16. WinRAR attempts to reset the file cache before testing an archive.
It helps to verify actual data written to disk instead of reading
a cached copy.

17. Multiple -v<size> switches specifying different sizes for different
volumes are now allowed also for ZIP archives:

WinRAR a -v100k -v200k -v300k arcname.zip

Previously multiple -v<size> switches were supported only for
RAR archives.

18. Switches -sl<size> and -sm<size> can be used in WinRAR.exe command
line mode when extracting archives in any supported formats,
provided that such archive includes unpacked file sizes.
Previously these switches could filter files by size only in RAR
and ZIP archives.

19. Newer folder selection dialog is invoked when pressing "Browse" button
in WinRAR "Settings/Paths" page, "Repair" and "Convert" commands,
also as in few other similar places. Previously a simpler XP style
folder selection dialog was opened.

20. When restoring from tray after completing an operation,
WinRAR window is positioned under other opened windows,
to not interfere with current user activities.

21. "650 MB CD" is removed and "2 GB volumes" is added to the list of
predefined volume sizes in "Define volume sizes" dialog invoked
from WinRAR "Settings/Compression".

22. "Rename" command selects the file name part up to the final dot.
Previously it selected the entire name.

23. If SFX archive size exceeds 4 GB, an error message is issued
during compression, immediately after exceeding this threshold.
Previously this error was reported only after completing compression.

Executables of such size cannot be started by Windows.

24. Command line -en switch is not supported anymore.
It created RAR4 archives without the end of archive record.

End of archive record permits to gracefully skip external data
like digital signatures.

25. Bugs fixed:

a) when editing a file inside of .rar or .zip archive,
WinRAR created a new SFX archive instead of updating an existing
archive if "Create SFX archive" option was set in the default
compression profile;

b) the total progress could be displayed incorrectly when using
-oi, -f, -u switches or appropriate GUI options;

c) "Find files" command with "Use all tables" option and command line
"it" commands failed to find strings in UTF-16 encoding.


Version 6.02

1. ZIP SFX module refuses to process SFX commands stored in archive
comment if such comment is resided after beginning of Authenticode
digital signature. It is done to prevent possible attacks with
inclusion of ZIP archive into the signature body.

We already prohibited extracting contents of such malformed archives
in WinRAR 6.01.

We are thankful to Jacob Thompson - Mandiant Advantage Labs
for reporting this issue.

2. WinRAR uses https instead of http in the web notifier window,
home page and themes links. It also implements additional checks
within the web notifier. This is done to prevent a malicious web page
from executing existing files on a user's computer. Such attack
is only possible if the intruder has managed to spoof or otherwise
control user's DNS records. Some other factors are also involved
in limiting the practical application of this attack.

We would like to express our gratitude to Igor Sak-Sakovskiy
for bringing this issue to our attention.

3. Where appropriate, SFX archive displays the additional line
with detailed error information provided by operating system.

For example, previously such archive would display "Cannot create file"
message alone. Now this message is followed by a detailed reason
like access denied or file being used by another process.

In the past this extended error information was available in WinRAR,
but not in SFX archives.

4. Switch -idn hides archived names also in 'v' and 'l' commands.
It can be useful if only the archive type or total information
is needed.

5. If -ibck -ri<priority> switches are used together, WinRAR process
sets the priority specified in -ri switch. Previous versions ignored
-ri and set the priority to low in the presence of -ibck switch.

6. When using "File/Change drive" command, WinRAR saves the last folder
of previous drive and restores it if that drive is selected again
later.

7. Name of unpacking file is now included into WinRAR incorrect password
warning for RAR5 archives. It can be helpful when unpacking
a non-solid archive containing files encrypted with different passwords.

8. Bugs fixed:

a) "Convert archives" command issued erroneous "The specified password
is incorrect" message after succesfully converting RAR archive
with encrypted file names if new password was set and archive
was opened in WinRAR shell;

b) if command progress window was resized up and then quickly resized
down to original dimensions, window contents could be positioned
incorrectly.


Version 6.01

1. Ctrl+A keyboard shortcut selects the entire text in WinRAR comment
window.

2. If -idn switch is used together with -t or -df in console RAR
when archiving, it additionally disables "Deleting <filename>"
or "Testing <filename>" messages, normally issued by these switches.

Also -idn disables folder creation messages when extracting
a file to non-existing folder.

3. WinRAR and ZIP SFX module refuse to extract contents of ZIP SFX
archives if ZIP central directory is resided after beginning
of Authenticode digital signature. It is done to prevent possible
attacks with inclusion of ZIP archive into signature body.

4. Bugs fixed:

a) "Convert archives" command could incorrectly convert Unicode
comments in RAR archives.

b) if two archive information windows had been opened from Explorer
context menu, the compression ratio bar in the first window
could erroneously display a value for second archive.

It did not affect the ratio and other text details at the right
of window. Only the vertical bar at the left could be updated
to a wrong value;

c) if "Wait if other WinRAR copies are active" option was enabled
in extraction dialog, "Waiting for another WinRAR copy" title
was not set in command progress window while waiting;

d) when extracting a symbolic link, previous versions did not
overwrite existing symbolic links even if user requested it
in overwrite prompt.


Version 6.00

1. "Ignore" and "Ignore All" options are added to read error prompt.
"Ignore" allows to continue processing with already read file part
only and "Ignore All" does it for all future read errors.

For example, if you archive a file, which portion is locked by another
process, and if "Ignore" is selected in read error prompt,
only a part of file preceding the unreadable region will be saved
into archive.

It can help to avoid interrupting lengthy archiving operations,
though be aware that files archived with "Ignore" are incomplete.

If switch -y is specified, "Ignore" is applied to all files by default.

Previously available "Retry" and "Quit" options are still present
in read error prompt as well.

2. Exit code 12 is returned in the command line mode in case of read errors.
This code is returned for all options in the read error prompt,
including a newly introduced "Ignore" option.

Previously more common fatal error code 2 was returned for read errors.

3. If several archives are selected, "Extract archives to" option group
in "Options" page of extraction dialog can be used to place extracted
files to specified destination folder, to separate subfolders
in destination folder, to separate subfolders in archive folders
and directly to archive folders.

It replaces "Extract archives to subfolders" option and available
only if multiple archives are selected.

4. New -ad2 switch places extracted files directly to archive's own folder.
Unlike -ad1, it does not create a separate subfolder for each unpacked
archive.

5. "Additional switches" option in "Options" page of archiving
and extraction dialogs allows to specify WinRAR command line switches.
It might be useful if there is no option in WinRAR graphical interface
matching a switch.

Use this feature only if you are familiar with WinRAR command line
syntax and clearly understand what specified switches are intended for.

6. Compression parameters in "Benchmark" command are changed to
32 MB dictionary and "Normal" method. They match RAR5 default mode
and more suitable to estimate the typical performance of recent
WinRAR versions than former 4 MB "Best" intended for RAR4 format.

Latest "Benchmark" results cannot be compared with previous versions
directly. New parameters set produces different values, likely lower
because of eight times larger dictionary size.

7. When unpacking a part of files from solid volume set,
WinRAR attempts to skip volumes in the beginning and start
extraction from volume closest to specified file and with reset
solid statistics.

By default WinRAR resets the solid statistics in the beginning
of large enough solid volumes where possible. For such volumes
extracting a part of files from the middle of volume set can be
faster now.

It does not affect performance when all archived files are unpacked.

8. Previously WinRAR automatically resorted to extracting from
first volume, when user started extraction from non-first volume
and first volume was available. Now WinRAR does so only if all volumes
between first and specified are also available.

9. Warning is issued when closing WinRAR if one or more archived files
had been modified by external apps, but failed to be saved back to
archive, because an external app still locks them. Such warning
includes the list of modified files and proposes to quit immediately
and lose changes or return to WinRAR and close an editor app.

Previous versions issued a similar warning while editing a file,
but did not remind it again when quitting.

10. "Move to Recycle Bin" option in "Delete archive" options group
of extraction dialog places deleted archives to Recycle Bin
instead of deleting them permanently.

11. New "Clear history..." command in "Options" menu allows to remove
names of recently opened archives in "File" menu and clear drop down
lists with previously entered values in dialogs. For example,
these values include archive names in archiving dialog
and destination paths in extraction dialog.

12. "File time" options in "Advanced" part of extraction dialog are
now available for 7z archives. Additionally to modification time,
WinRAR can set creation and last access time when unpacking such
archives.

13. ""New" submenu items" options group is added to
"Settings/Integration/Context menu items..." dialog. You can use
these options to remove "WinRAR archive" and "WinRAR ZIP archive"
entries in "New" submenu of Windows context menu.

New state of these option is applied only after you press "OK"
both in "Context menu items" and its parent "Settings" dialog.

14. <Max>, <Min> and <Hide> commands can be inserted before the program
name in SFX "Setup" command to run a program in maximized,
minimized or hidden window. For example:

Setup=<Hide>setup.exe

15. It is possible to specify an additional high resolution logo
for SFX module. If such logo is present, SFX module scales
and displays it in high DPI Windows mode, providing the better visible
quality compared to resizing the standard logo.

Use "High resolution SFX logo" in "Advanced SFX options" dialog
to define such logo. In command line mode add second -iimg switch
to set the high resolution logo.

Recommended size of high resolution logo PNG file is 186x604 pixels.

16. If archive currently opened in WinRAR shell was deleted or moved
by another program, WinRAR displays "Inaccessible" before archive name
in the window title. Also it flashes the window caption and taskbar
button.

17. "Total information" option in "Report" dialog is renamed to
"Headers and totals". Now it also adds headers of report columns
additionally to total information about listed files and archives.

18. If archive processing is started from Windows context menu
in multiple monitor system, WinRAR operation progress and dialogs
use the monitor with context menu.

While basic multiple monitor support was present in previous versions
shell extension for mouse driven commands, now it is extended to
operations initiated from keyboard and to dropping files to archives.

19. New -imon<number> switch allows to select a monitor to display
WinRAR operation progress and dialogs in the command line mode.

Use -imon1 for primary and -imon2 for secondary monitor.
For example, "WinRAR x -imon2 arcname" will start extraction
on secondary monitor.

It works only in the command line mode and does not affect
interactive WinRAR graphical inteface also as console RAR.

20. Switch -idn hides archived names output in archiving, extraction
and some other commands in console RAR. Other messages and total
percentage are not affected.

You can use this switch to reduce visual clutter and console output
overhead when archiving or extracting a lot of small files.

Minor visual artifacts, such as percentage indicator overwriting
few last characters of error messages, are possible with -idn.

21. Former "-im - show more information" switch is changed to
"-idv - display verbose output" for consistency with console RAR
-id[c,d,p,q] message control options and avoid a potential name
conflict with newer -imon switch.

While WinRAR still recognizes both -im and -idv, in the future
-im support can be dropped.

22. It is allowed to add an optional %arcname% variable to compression
profile name. Such variable will be replaced with actual archive name.
It might be convenient when using with "Add to context menu" profile
option. For example, you can create ZIP compression profile
and set its name to "Add to %arcname%", to display it with actual
ZIP archive name in context menu.

23. Ctrl+C and Ctrl+Ins keyboard shortcuts can be used
in "Diagnostic messages" window to copy contents to clipboard.

24. More text is allowed in tray icon hint before a lengthy text
is truncated. Also such text is now truncated in the middle of string,
so both command type and completion percentage are still visible.

25. In case of clean install, if previous version compression profiles
are not present, "Files to store without compression" field
in newly created predefined compression profiles is set to:

*.rar *.zip *.cab *.7z *.ace *.arj *.bz2 *.gz *.lha *.lzh
*.taz *.tgz *.xz *.txz

You can change this field and save a modified value to compression
profile later.

Previous versions set this field to blank for clean install.

26. Destination path history in extraction dialog treats paths like
'folder' and 'folder\' as the same path and displays only 'folder'
entry. Previously they occupied two entries in the history.

27. "Enable Itanium executable compression" GUI option and -mci command
line switch are removed. Optimized compression of Itanium executables
is not supported anymore. WinRAR still can decompress already existing
archives utilizing Itanium executable compression.

28. Bugs fixed:

a) "Lock", "Comment" and "Protect" commands could not be applied
to several archives selected in WinRAR file list at once;

b) SFX archive process did not terminate after completing
extraction in Windows 10 if archive comment included "Setup"
and "SetupCode" commands, did not include "TempMode" command
and setup program was running for more than 8 minutes;

c) compression profiles with quote character in profile name
could not be invoked from Explorer context menu.


Version 5.91

1. Dialogs are centered inside of WinRAR window similarly to WinRAR 5.80
and not inside of entire screen as in WinRAR 5.90.

2. When editing an archived file with external software, extra measures
are taken to reduce the probability of interfering with editor
and opening its temporary files while editor still may need them.

3. "Version to extract" field in archive properties opened from
Windows Explorer context menu provides the additional information
about ZIP compression and encryption algorithms, such as LZMA or AES.
This information was already available in WinRAR "Info" command,
but missed in archive information accessible from Windows Explorer.

4. "MS DOS" and "Unix" host OS types are recognized and included
for LZH archives in "Info" command. Previously the host OS field
was always "Unknown" for LZH archive format.

5. Files created by external editor and matching "Settings/Viewer/
Ignore modifications for" masks are never added to archive.
Previously WinRAR still added them if some file not matching
these masks was also created or modified.

6. Bugs fixed:

a) empty file names were displayed inside of some Unix LZH archives;

b) WinRAR could not process more than 999 7z volumes in a single set;

c) if user cancelled the user account control prompt after changing
"Integrate WinRAR into shell" option, a new state of this option
was displayed in "Settings" dialog, even though the actual state
of shell integration was not modified;

d) the main window size could be too small on the first run after
clean install with no previous WinRAR version present;

e) WinRAR could stop responding after editing an archived file
with external software in Windows 10 version 2004.


Version 5.90

1. RAR compression speed is improved for CPUs with 16 and more cores.

2. "Fastest" method (-m1 command line equivalent) typically achieves
a higher compression ratio for highly compressible data types
when creating RAR5 archives.

3. Maximum number of utilized threads is increased from 32 to 64.
Command line -mt<threads> switch accepts values from 1 to 64.

4. "Multithreading" parameter on "General" page of WinRAR settings
is replaced with "Threads" input field, where you can specify
the desired number of CPU threads. It can take values from 1 to
maximum number of available logical CPU units.

5. WinRAR displays packed and unpacked folder sizes when browsing
archive contents.

6. "Total folders" field is added to list of archive parameters
displayed by WinRAR "Info" command. Same field is added to
"Archive" page in archive properties in Windows Explorer.

7. Window including a progress bar and "Cancel" button is displayed
if reading archive contents takes noticeable time.
It can be useful for archive formats with slower access to contents,
such as large TAR based archives like .tar.gz and tar.bz2.

8. Archiving and extraction progress windows, also as progress windows
for some other commands, can be resized.

9. "Repair" performance for RAR5 archives with recovery record
and without data shifts is improved. It deteriorated in WinRAR 5.80
and is now restored to original level.

10. Password prompt is not issued when performing recovery record based
repair for RAR5 archives with encrypted file names.
This command can be performed without providing a password.

11. If folder for converted archives in "Convert archives" command
does not exist, WinRAR attempts to create it. Previous versions
failed to create converted archives in non-existent destination folder.

12. Added extraction support for GZIP archives with optional header
checksum field.

13. Bugs fixed:

a) "Repair" command could erroneously display "Recovery record is
corrupt" message when processing an archive with valid recovery
record. This message did not prevent further repair operation;

b) if quick open information option was set to "Do not add" in default
compression profile and this profile was loaded by some command
or dialog, WinRAR ignored quick open information when browsing
contents of RAR archives. For example, it happened after opening
archiving or password dialogs;

c) Ctrl+C "Copy" shortcut key did not work in archive comment window;

d) if "Put each file to separate archive" and "Archives in subfolders"
options were set, WinRAR ignored the destination path specified
in archive name field.


Version 5.80

1. "Preserve source files last access time" option on "Time" page
of archiving dialog permits to preserve the original last access time
of archiving files.

2. Command line -tsp switch can be used to preserve the original
last access time of archiving files. It can be combined with other
-ts switches, like: rar a -tsc -tsp arcname files

3. It is allowed to combine several modifiers in the same -ts switch.
For example, we can use -tscap instead -tsc -tsa -tsp.

4. WinRAR can read default values of command line switches from rar.ini
text file, which can be stored either in the same folder as WinRAR.exe
or in %APPDATA%\WinRAR folder. This file includes strings in following
format:

switches=<any RAR switches separated by spaces>
switches_<command>=<any RAR switches separated by spaces>

First applies switches to all and second to individual commands.
For example:

switches=-m5 -s
switches_x=-o+

Most of switches specified in rar.ini are used only in the command line
mode. Some switches can be applicable both in shell and in command line
modes. Previously this rar.ini format was supported only by console RAR.

5. Command line -agf<default_format> switch specifies the default format
string for -ag switch. It has a practical value only if placed to
rar.ini configuration file or to RAR environment variable.
For example, if we set RAR environment variable to -agfYYYY-MMM-DD,
we can use -ag without a parameter with YYYY-MMM-DD format string
assumed.

6. Switches -ed and -e+d can be used in archive processing commands
for any combination of RAR and archive operating systems.
In older versions RAR for Windows could not use them for Unix RAR
archives also as RAR for Unix for Windows RAR archives.

7. Previously "Test" command failed to check integrity of archived NTFS
alternate data streams and issued "Unknown data header format" warning
if size of such stream exceeded 16 MB. This limitation is removed now.

8. Archiving speed for large NTFS alternate data streams on multi-core
CPUs is increased.

9. "Find" command:

a) when extracting encrypted files directly from "Search results"
dialog, password prompt was issued for every found file
even if all files belonged to same archive.

Now password is requested only once per archive;

b) Ctrl+A hotkey selects all files in "Search results".

10. Archive comment window:

a) previous versions did not allow to use Ctrl+W shortcut to close
WinRAR when comment window had keyboard focus. Now Ctrl+W works
also from comment window;

b) mouse wheel is supported also for comments with ANSI Escape sequences;

c) for some lenghty comments with ANSI Escape sequences last line
of comment was visible only partially even after scrolling up to
bottom. It is displayed comletely now.

11. Maximum path length for files in 7z archives is increased up to
2048 characters. While such lengthy paths were already supported
for RAR and ZIP formats, previous versions limited the path length
to 260 characters for 7z archives.

12. If archive or file name is too lengthy to fit to archiving
or extraction progress window, it is truncated. Previously such names
were truncated at the end, making the file extension invisible.
This version truncates them removing the path component and symbols
in the middle, but preserving beginning of file name and file extension.

13. If files selected for archiving differ only by extension,
a proposed archive name is based on their name part.
For example, archiving dialog will propose Readme.rar if we selected
Readme.txt and Readme.doc.

Previous versions always generated the archive name based on parent
folder name for several selected files.

14. "Symlink" and "Hardlink" is diplayed in "Type" column for symlink
and hardlink records in .tar archives. Previous versions displayed
a proper type for such records only in .rar archives.

15. Copying and pasting files from large archives could fail if
extraction took a lot of time. This version can paste files from
such archives as well, but we have to start extraction already on
"Copy" command and not on "Paste" to achieve this.

16. Similarly to RAR5 volumes, recovery volumes in RAR4 format use
the same width of volume number field as corresponding RAR volumes.
While previously WinRAR could create arc.part01.rar and arc.part1.rev
in RAR4 format, now both types of volumes will use "part01".

17. "Set font..." button in "Settings/File list" also changes the folder
tree panel font. Previously it changed only the file list font.

18. "Find files" and command line mode "i" commands:

a) if "Use all tables" option or "t" modifer of "i" command are used,
additionally to already supported ANSI, OEM and UTF-16 encodings
WinRAR will search the specified string in UTF-8 files as well;

b) better support for Unicode text strings;

c) better performance, especially for case insensitive search;

d) hexadecimal search output includes both text and hexadecimal
representation of found matches.

19. File and total progress bar is displayed when unpacking
tar.bz2, tar.gz, tar.lz, tar.xz, tar.z archives.

Previously only the total progress was displayed properly for tar.bz2,
tar.gz and tar.z. Neither file nor total progress was displayed
for tar.lz and tar.xz.

20. "File list/Files/Exact sizes" option also changes the file size format
in WinRAR status bar.

21. Bugs fixed:

a) if non-existent path is specified in archive name in archiving
dialog, WinRAR proposes to create such path. Previous versions
could create such path in WinRAR start-up folder instead of
currently displayed folder;

b) WinRAR could crash when adding the recovery record in RAR5 format
on CPUs not supporting CPUID EAX=7 command and returning random
data in response. These are some CPUs from early 2000s;

c) WinRAR failed to create archives after dragging files with
right mouse button in Windows shell, dropping them to another folder,
selecting "Add to archive..." in context menu and enabling
"Put each file to separate archive" option;

d) "winrar r *.zip" command repaired only the first ZIP archive
in the set if all archives had numeric names like 1.zip, 2.zip
and signatures in the beginning of archives were missing;

e) previous WinRAR version failed to unpack folder records
in archives created by RAR 1.50;

f) in rare cases WinRAR failed to extract and reported an error
for valid .gz archives produced by some compression optimization
tools;

g) progress bar in tray icon never reached 100% in high DPI mode;

h) creation and last access time was not displayed for archived folders
if folder records were stored in archive after folder contents;

i) "Skip encrypted archives" option in "Convert archives" command
did not work for 7-Zip archives with headers encryption.


Version 5.71

1. "Convert archives" command:

a) improved performance when processing a lot of small archives
in Windows 10;

b) fixed memory leaks which could lead to excessive memory use
when converting to ZIP format.

2. Corrupt ZIP archive processing:

a) "Repair" command replaces packed and unpacked file sizes stored
in local file header with sizes from central directory
if local header sizes look invalid;

b) file extraction is stopped at unpacked size stored in ZIP headers
even if available packed data allows further extraction.
It is done to prevent unexpected hard drive space usage.

3. Ctrl+C allows to abort RAR "l" command quickly. In previous versions
it could take several seconds until list command stopped.

4. Bugs fixed:

a) WinRAR could crash when attempting to display some types of archive
comments in GUI shell, resulting in a denial of service;

b) if "Save archive name" and "Add to context menu" options were
set in compression profile parameters and profile was invoked
from Explorer context menu, WinRAR proposed an automatically
generated archive name instead of name saved in profile.

c) WinRAR displayed an unneeded pair of round brackets in "Archive"
column of "Diagnostic messages" window for system error messages;

d) "Extract to folder\" Windows Explorer context menu command could
fail to unpack ZIP archives if their names included a numeric
part followed by .zip extension, arbitrary data was present
before the first file record and "Remove redundant folders from
extraction path" WinRAR option was switched on;

e) in "RAR x -x<mask> arcname" command, parent folders of files
matching the specified mask also were excluded from extracting;

f) "Find" command returned the current folder own name additionally
to its contents for "Current folder" search area if folder name
matched "File names to find" mask;

g) if "Find in files" and "Find in archives" are both enabled,
"Find" command did not match an archive name itself against
"File names to find" mask after searching inside of archive.
So it did not display archive names for masks like *.rar
and applied this mask only to files inside of archives;

h) when running an executable directly from archive, WinRAR 5.70
did not set a temporary folder with unpacked files as current.
So executables attempting to access other archived files
in current folder could fail to work;

i) WinRAR could be inaccessible for few seconds after closing
an archived file opened in internal viewer in Windows 10;

j) dragging a file to subfolder of ZIP archive with "Store full paths"
option enabled produced invalid pathnames consisting of repeated
subfolder name. Same invalid pathnames were produced if adding files
to ZIP archive with -ap<folder> -ep2 switches.


Version 5.70

1. "Files to process" option on "Time" page of archiving dialog
allows to choose files based on modification, creation or last access
file time. Previously it was possible for modification time only.

2. Command line -ta, -tb, -tn, -to switches accept 'm', 'c' and 'a'
modifiers after the switch name. So file time conditions can include
not only the file modification time as in previous versions,
but also creation and last access time.

Such switch can include multiple modifiers to set the same date
for all specified times. For example, -tamc20190215 will process files
modified and created after 2019-02-15.

New 'o' modifier permits to switch from AND to OR logic,
so -tamco20190215 includes files modified or created after 2019-02-15.
It is also allowed to specify several time filtering switches
with different dates in the same command line, like:
-taco20190201 -tbmo20190210

Switches -ta and -tn also include files matching the specified date
exactly. Switches -tb and -to exclude such files.

3. WinRAR file list can display creation and last access file times
if they are available.

Creation and last access columns are disabled by default and can be
enabled in "Select file list columns" dialog. This dialog is opened
after right clicking on file list column headers or after pressing
"File list/Files/Columns..." button in WinRAR settings.

4. "Double extensions for archives" and "Archives in subfolders"
options on "Files" page of archiving dialog modify behavior of
"Put each file to separate archive" option.

You can switch between archive names in filename.ext.rar
and filename.rar style with "Double extensions for archives".

You can create a separate archive for every file in selected subfolders
or store the entire contents of every selected folder in separate
archive depending on the state of "Archives in subfolders" option.

5. New -ad1 switch can be used when unpacking multiple archives
recursively, such as 'rar x -r -ad1 arc\*.rar'. It creates
a separate folder for files unpacked from each archive,
but unlike already existing -ad switch, it creates such folders
in each archive folder.

6. If context menu "Extract each archive to separate folder" is applied
to archives from different folders in Windows Explorer "Search results",
subfolders with unpacked files are created in each archive folder.
Previous versions created them all in a folder of right clicked archive.

7. New "File list/List style/Checkboxes" option in WinRAR settings
allows to use checkboxes to select file list items.

8. New "File list/Files/Exact sizes" option in WinRAR settings.

If this option is on, file sizes are always displayed in bytes.
If it is off, sizes are rounded up and use units such as KB or MB.
Smaller files can be still displayed in bytes.

9. If several console RAR are started with -ioff switch, PC is turned off
by RAR copy finished last. Previously this switch was processed
by first finished copy.

10. Read and write buffer size is increased for .iso files.
It can help to improve .iso extraction performance in some cases,
such as for network drives.

11. If "Delete archive" option in extraction dialog is applied to a set
of RAR and REV volumes in volname.part# format, WinRAR will delete
REV volumes as well. Previously only RAR volumes were deleted
keeping REV files intact.

12. If "Delete archive" option in extraction dialog is applied to set
of ZIP volumes with .zip.001, .zip.002, .zip.003 extensions,
WinRAR will delete all ZIP volumes. Previously only .zip.001 volume
was deleted for such volume naming scheme.

13. If we unpack arcname.rar using "Extract to arcname\" Explorer context
menu command and "arcname" file already exists, WinRAR shell extension
will propose "Extract to arcname~1\" instead. Previously this context
menu command attempted to create a folder with same name as already
existing file and failed.

14. If we pack a shortcut file with .lnk extension from Explorer context
menu, .lnk file itself is added to archive. Previous versions added
.lnk file target instead of .lnk file.

15. Windows does not allow executables exceeding 4 GB, so WinRAR issues
an error immediately when attempting to create 4 GB or larger
RAR SFX volumes. Previously WinRAR issued such error only after
creating the first RAR volume.

16. Total extraction progress is displayed for 7z multivolume archives.
Accuracy of 7z total extraction progress is improved.

17. "Find" command "Disks and folders" drop down list has been renamed
to "Search area". Additionally to already existing choices,
it includes a new "Selected items" option restricting search
to files and folders selected in WinRAR file list.

18. "Find" command displays the number of found items in status bar.

19. "Diagnostic messages" window displays archive names in a separate
column to provide the better message visibility for lengthy
archive names.

20. Switch -isnd[-] in command line WinRAR mode allows to override
"Enable sound" option in WinRAR settings. Use -isnd to turn sound
notifications on and -isnd- to turn them off.

21. Nadav Grossman from Check Point Software Technologies informed us
about a security vulnerability in UNACEV2.DLL library.
Aforementioned vulnerability makes possible to create files
in arbitrary folders inside or outside of destination folder
when unpacking ACE archives.

WinRAR used this third party library to unpack ACE archives.
UNACEV2.DLL had not been updated since 2005 and we do not have access
to its source code. So we decided to drop ACE archive format support
to protect security of WinRAR users.

We are thankful to Check Point Software Technologies for reporting
this issue.

22. Bugs fixed:

a) console RAR mixed up source and destination file sizes and times
in the overwrite prompt when updating a file in RAR archive
with -o switch;

b) dragging files from 32-bit applications to 64-bit WinRAR window
did not work;

c) WinRAR Shift+Del command applied to a folder could fail to delete
some its subfolders. This command is used to delete files and folders
permanently instead of moving them to Recycle Bin;

d) folder tree panel could not change folders if archived pathnames
started from path separator, such as in archives created by tar tool
with --absolute-names option;

e) if relative "Path=.\somefolder" was specified in SFX comment
and SFX archive needed to elevate privileges when extracting,
it created 'somefolder\somefolder' instead of 'somefolder';

f) commands modifying an existing RAR4 volume reset the volume number
field to 1. While it did not affect extraction, WinRAR displayed
a wrong volume number for such volumes;

g) fixed a crash when reading a comment from a corrupt RAR file;

h) toolbar in "Find" command "Search results" window was not adjusted
to different toolbar icon sizes properly.


Version 5.61

1. "Delete archive" extraction option deletes all volumes even if user
started extraction from non-first RAR volume, but first volume
is present and all files are unpacked successfully. In such case
previous versions ignored "Delete archive" even if WinRAR was able
to locate the first volume and process the volume set from beginning.

2. Compression ratio bar is not displayed on "Archive" page of
Explorer file properties for archives with encrypted file names.
WinRAR cannot reliably calculate it for such archives without
a password and previously it just displayed 0% here.

3. Bugs fixed:

a) WinRAR displayed "The specified password is incorrect" message
infinitely when attempting to open RAR5 archive with encrypted
file names if wrong global password was set with Ctrl

This archive contains WinRAR multifunctional archive manager.

WinRAR features:

* WinRAR introduces an original compression algorithm. It provides
a high compression ratio on executable files, object libraries,
large text files, etc.

* Internally RAR format does not limit archive and file sizes
also as a number of files in archive. These values may be limited by
file and operating systems also as by available memory.

* WinRAR provides complete support for RAR and ZIP 2.0 archives
and is able to unpack 7Z, ARJ, BZ2, CAB, GZ, ISO, JAR, LZ, LZH,
TAR, UUE, XZ, Z, ZST archives.

* WinRAR offers both a classic interactive Windows interface
and the command line interface.

* WinRAR provides functionality for creating a 'solid' archive,
which can raise the compression ratio by 10% - 50% over more common
methods, particularly when packing large numbers of small files.

* WinRAR offers the ability to create customizable SFX archives.

* WinRAR offers the ability to create a multi-volume archive as SFX.

* Optional recovery record allows to protect archives from damage.

* WinRAR offers a number of service functions, such as encrypting files,
adding archive comments and preserving NTFS file security.

User's Manual
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
RAR 6.24 console version
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Welcome to the RAR Archiver!
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Introduction
~~~~~~~~~~~~

RAR is a console application allowing to manage archive files
in command line mode. RAR provides compression, encryption,
data recovery and many other functions described in this manual.

RAR supports only RAR format archives, which have .rar file name
extension by default. ZIP and other formats are not supported.
Even if you specify .zip extension when creating an archive, it will
still be in RAR format. Windows users may install WinRAR, which supports
more archive types including RAR and ZIP formats.

WinRAR provides both graphical user interface and command line mode.
While console RAR and GUI WinRAR have the similar command line syntax,
some differences exist. So it is recommended to use this rar.txt manual
for console RAR (rar.exe in case of Windows version) and winrar.chm
WinRAR help file for GUI WinRAR (winrar.exe).


Configuration file
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

RAR and UnRAR for Unix read configuration information from .rarrc file
in a user's home directory (stored in HOME environment variable)
or in /etc directory.

RAR and UnRAR for Windows read configuration information from rar.ini file,
placed in the same directory as the rar.exe file.

This file can contain the following string:

switches=<any RAR switches separated by spaces>

For example:

switches=-m5 -s

It is also possible to specify separate switch sets for individual
RAR commands using the following syntax:

switches_<command>=<any RAR switches separated by spaces>

For example:

switches_a=-m5 -s
switches_x=-o+



Environment variable
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Default parameters may be added to the RAR command line by establishing
an environment variable "RAR".

For instance, in Unix following lines may be added to your profile:

RAR='-s -md1024'
export RAR

RAR will use this string as default parameters in the command line and
will create "solid" archives with 1024 MB sliding dictionary size.

RAR handles options with priority as following:

command line switches highest priority
switches in the RAR variable lower priority
switches saved in configuration file lowest priority


Log file
~~~~~~~~

If switch -ilog is specified in the command line or configuration file,
RAR will write informational messages about errors encountered while
processing archives into a log file. Read the switch -ilog description
for more details.


The file order list for solid archiving - rarfiles.lst
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

rarfiles.lst contains a user-defined file list, which tells RAR
the order in which to add files to a solid archive. It may contain
file names, wildcards and special entry - $default. The default
entry defines the place in order list for files not matched
with other entries in this file. The comment character is ';'.

In Windows this file should be placed in the same directory as RAR
or in %APPDATA%\WinRAR directory, in Unix - to the user's home directory
or in /etc.

Tips to provide improved compression and speed of operation:

- similar files should be grouped together in the archive;
- frequently accessed files should be placed at the beginning.

Normally masks placed nearer to the top of list have a higher priority,
but there is an exception from this rule. If rarfiles.lst contains such
two masks that all files matched by one mask are also matched by another,
that mask which matches a smaller subset of file names will have higher
priority regardless of its position in the list. For example, if you have
*.cpp and f*.cpp masks, f*.cpp has a higher priority, so the position of
'filename.cpp' will be chosen according to 'f*.cpp', not '*.cpp'.


RAR command line syntax
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Syntax

RAR <command> [ -<switches> ] <archive> [ <@listfiles...> ]
[ <files...> ] [ <path_to_extract\> ]

Description

Command is a single character or string specifying an action to be
performed by RAR. Switches are designed to modify the way RAR performs
such action. Other parameters are archive name and files to be archived
or extracted.

Listfiles are plain text files containing names of files to process.
File names must start at the first column. It is possible to
put comments to the listfile after // characters. For example,
you can create backup.lst containing the following strings:

c:\work\doc\*.txt //backup text documents
c:\work\image\*.bmp //backup pictures
c:\work\misc

and then run:

rar a backup @backup.lst

If you wish to read file names from stdin (standard input),
specify the empty listfile name (just @).

By default, console RAR uses the single byte encoding in list files,
but it can be redefined with -sc<charset>l switch.

You can specify both usual file names and list files in the same
command line. If neither files nor listfiles are specified,
then *.* is implied and RAR will process all files.

path_to_extract includes the destination directory name followed by
a path separator character. For example, it can be c:\dest\ in Windows
or data/ in Unix. It specifies the directory to place extracted files
in 'x' and 'e' commands. This directory is created by RAR if it does not
exist yet. Alternatively it can be set with -op<path> switch.

Many RAR commands, such as extraction, test or list, allow to use
wildcards in archive name. If no extension is specified in archive
mask, RAR assumes .rar, so * means all archives with .rar extension.
If you need to process all archives without extension, use *. mask.
*.* mask selects all files. Wildcards in archive name are not allowed
when archiving and deleting.

In Unix you need to enclose RAR command line parameters containing
wildcards in single or double quotes to prevent their expansion
by Unix shell. For example, this command will extract *.asm files
from all *.rar archives in current directory:

rar e '*.rar' '*.asm'


Command could be any of the following:

a Add files to archive.

Examples:

1) add all *.hlp files from the current directory to
the archive help.rar:

rar a help *.hlp

2) archive all files from the current directory and subdirectories
to 362000 bytes size solid, self-extracting volumes
and add the recovery record to each volume:

rar a -r -v362 -s -sfx -rr save

Because no file names are specified, all files (*) are assumed.

3) as a special exception, if directory name is specified as
an argument and if directory name does not include file masks
and trailing path separator, the entire contents of the directory
and all subdirectories will be added to the archive even
if switch -r is not specified.

The following command will add all files from the directory
Bitmaps and its subdirectories to the RAR archive Pictures.rar:

rar a Pictures.rar Bitmaps

4) if directory name includes the trailing path separator,
normal rules apply and you need to specify switch -r to process
its subdirectories.

The following command will add all files from directory Bitmaps,
but not from its subdirectories, because switch -r is not
specified:

rar a Pictures.rar Bitmaps\*


c Add archive comment. Comments are displayed while the archive is
being processed. Comment length is limited to 256 KB.

Examples:

rar c distrib.rar

Also comments may be added from a file using -z[file] switch.
The following command adds a comment from info.txt file:

rar c -zinfo.txt dummy


ch Change archive parameters.

This command can be used with most of archive modification
switches to modify archive parameters. It is especially
convenient for switches like -cl, -cu, -tl, which do not
have a dedicated command.

It is not able to recompress, encrypt or decrypt archive data
and it cannot merge or create volumes. If no switches are
specified, 'ch' command just copies the archive data without
modification.

If used with -amr switch to restore the saved archive name
and time, other archive modification switches are ignored.

Example:

Set archive time to latest file:

rar ch -tl files.rar


cw Write archive comment to specified file.

Format of output file depends on -sc switch.

If output file name is not specified, comment data will be
sent to stdout.

Examples:

1) rar cw arc comment.txt

2) rar cw -scuc arc unicode.txt

3) rar cw arc


d Delete files from archive. If this command removes all files
from archive, the empty archive is removed.


e Extract files without archived paths.

Extract files excluding their path component, so all files
are created in the same destination directory.

Use 'x' command if you wish to extract full pathnames.

Example:

rar e -or html.rar *.css css\

extract all *.css files from html.rar archive to 'css' directory
excluding archived paths. Rename extracted files automatically
in case several files have the same name.


f Freshen files in archive. Updates archived files older
than files to add. This command will not add new files
to the archive.


i[i|c|h|t]=<string>
Find string in archives.

Supports following optional parameters:

i - case insensitive search (default);

c - case sensitive search;

h - hexadecimal search;

t - use ANSI, UTF-8, UTF-16 and OEM (Windows only)
character tables;

If no parameters are specified, it is possible to use
the simplified command syntax i<string> instead of i=<string>

It is allowed to specify 't' modifier with other parameters,
for example, ict=string performs case sensitive search
using all mentioned above character tables.

Examples:

1) rar "ic=first level" -r c:\*.rar *.txt

Perform case sensitive search of "first level" string
in *.txt files in *.rar archives on the disk c:

2) rar ih=f0e0aeaeab2d83e3a9 -r e:\texts\*.rar

Search for hex string f0 e0 ae ae ab 2d 83 e3 a9
in rar archives in e:\texts directory.


k Lock archive.

RAR cannot modify locked archives, so locking important archives
prevents their accidental modification by RAR. Such protection
might be especially useful in case of RAR commands processing
archives in groups.

This command is not intended or able to prevent modification
by other tools or willful third party. It implements a safety
measure only for accidental data change by RAR.

Example:

rar k final.rar


l[t[a],b]
List archive contents [technical [all], bare].

'l' command lists archived file attributes, size, date,
time and name, one file per line. If file is encrypted,
line starts from '*' character.

'lt' displays the detailed file information in multiline mode.
This information includes file checksum value, host OS,
compression options and other parameters.

'lta' provide the detailed information not only for files,
but also for service headers like NTFS streams
or file security data.

'lb' lists bare file names with path, one per line,
without any additional information.

You can use -v switch to list contents of all volumes
in volume set: rar l -v vol.part1.rar

Commands 'lt', 'lta' and 'lb' are equal to 'vt', 'vta'
and 'vb' correspondingly.


m[f] Move to archive [files only]. Moving files and directories
results in the files and directories being erased upon
successful completion of the packing operation. Directories will
not be removed if 'f' modifier is used and/or '-ed' switch is
applied.


p Print file to stdout.

Send unpacked file data to stdout. Informational messages
are suppressed with this command, so they are not mixed
with file data.


r Repair archive. Archive repairing is performed in two stages.
First, the damaged archive is searched for a recovery record
(see 'rr' command). If archive contains the previously added
recovery record and if damaged data area is continuous
and smaller than error correction code size in recovery record,
chance of successful archive reconstruction is high.
When this stage has been completed, a new archive is created,
named as fixed.arcname.rar, where 'arcname' is the original
(damaged) archive name.

If broken archive does not contain a recovery record or if
archive is not completely recovered due to major damage,
second stage is performed. During this stage only the archive
structure is reconstructed and it is impossible to recover
files which fail checksum validation, it is still possible,
however, to recover undamaged files, which were inaccessible
due to the broken archive structure. Mostly this is useful
for non-solid archives. This stage is never efficient
for archives with encrypted file headers, which can be repaired
only if recovery record is present.

When the second stage is completed, the reconstructed archive
is saved as rebuilt.arcname.rar, where 'arcname' is
the original archive name.

By default, repaired archives are created in the current
directory, but you can append an optional destpath\ parameter
to specify another destination directory.

Example:

rar r buggy.rar c:\fixed\

repair buggy.rar and place the result to 'c:\fixed' directory.


rc Reconstruct missing and damaged volumes using recovery volumes
(.rev files). You need to specify any existing .rar or .rev
volume as the archive name.

Example:

rar rc backup.part03.rar

Read 'rv' command description for information about
recovery volumes.


rn Rename archived files.

The command syntax is:

rar rn <arcname> <srcname1> <destname1> ... <srcnameN> <destnameN>

For example, the following command:

rar rn data.rar readme.txt readme.bak info.txt info.bak

will rename readme.txt to readme.bak and info.txt to info.bak
in the archive data.rar.

It is allowed to use wildcards in the source and destination
names for simple name transformations like changing file
extensions. For example:

rar rn data.rar *.txt *.bak

will rename all *.txt files to *.bak.

RAR does not check if the destination file name is already
present in the archive, so you need to be careful to avoid
duplicated names. It is especially important when using
wildcards. Such a command is potentially dangerous, because
a wrong wildcard may corrupt all archived names.


rr[N] Add data recovery record. Optionally, redundant information
(recovery record) may be added to archive. While it increases
the archive size, it helps to recover archived files in case of
disk failure or data loss of other kind, provided that damage
is not too severe. Such damage recovery can be done with
command "r" (repair).

RAR 4.x and RAR 5.0 archives use different recovery record
structure and algorithms.

RAR 4.x recovery record is based on XOR algorithm.
You can specify 4.x record size as a number of recovery sectors
or as a percent of archive size. To specify a number of sectors
just add it directly after 'rr', like 'rr1000' for 1000 sectors.
To use a percent append 'p' or '%' modifier after the percent
number, such as 'rr5p' or 'rr5%' for 5%. Note that in Windows
.bat and .cmd files it is necessary to use 'rr5%%' instead of
'rr5%', because the command processor treats the single '%'
as the start of a batch file parameter, so it might be more
convenient to use 'p' instead of '%' in this case.

RAR 4.x recovery sectors are 512 bytes long. If damaged area
is continuous, every sector helps to recover 512 bytes of
damaged information. This value may be lower in cases of
multiple damage. Maximum number of recovery sectors is 524288.

Size of 4.x recovery record may be approximately determined as
<archive size>/256 + <number of recovery sectors>*512 bytes
and cannot exceed the protected data size or 256 MB,
whatever is less.

RAR 5.0 recovery record uses Reed-Solomon error correction codes.
Its ability to repair continuous damage is about the same
as for RAR 4.x, allowing to restore slightly less data than
recovery record size. But it is more efficient than RAR 4.x
record in case of multiple damaged areas and shifted data
positions.

RAR 5.0 record does not use 512 byte sectors and you can specify
its size only as a percent of archive size. Even if '%' or 'p'
modifier is not present, RAR treats the value as a percent
in case of RAR 5.0 format, so both 'rr5' and 'rr5p' mean 5%.
Due to service data overhead the actual resulting recovery record
size only approximately matches the user defined percent
and difference is larger for smaller archives.

Maximum allowed RAR 5.0 recovery record size is 1000%.
Larger recovery records are processed slower both when creating
and repairing.

RAR 5.0 recovery record is more resistant to damage of recovery
record itself and can utilize a partially corrupt recovery
record data. Note, though, that 'R' repair command does not fix
broken blocks in recovery record. Only file data are corrected.
After successful archive repair, you may need to create a new
recovery record for saved files.

If you use the plain 'rr' command without optional parameter,
RAR will set the recovery record size to 3% of archive size
by default.

While the recovery record improves chances to repair damaged
archives, it does not guarantee the successful recovery.
Consider combining the recovery record feature with making
multiple archive copies to different media for important data.

Example:

rar rr5p arcname

add the recovery record of 5% of archive size.


rv[N] Create recovery volumes (.rev files), which can be later
used to reconstruct missing and damaged files in a volume
set. This command makes sense only for multivolume archives
and you need to specify the name of the first volume
in the set as the archive name. For example:

rar rv3 data.part01.rar

This feature may be useful for backups or, for example,
when you posted a multivolume archive to a newsgroup
and a part of subscribers did not receive some of the files.
Reposting recovery volumes instead of usual volumes
may reduce the total number of files to repost.

Each recovery volume is able to reconstruct one missing
or damaged RAR volume. For example, if you have 30 volumes
and 3 recovery volumes, you are able to reconstruct any
3 missing volumes. If the number of .rev files is less than
the number of missing volumes, reconstructing is impossible.
The total number of usual and recovery volumes must not
exceed 255 for RAR 4.x and 65535 for RAR 5.0 archive format.

Original RAR volumes must not be modified after creating
recovery volumes. Recovery algorithm uses data stored both
in REV files and in RAR volumes to rebuild missing RAR volumes.
So if you modify RAR volumes, for example, lock them, after
creating REV files, recovery process will fail.

Additionally to recovery data, RAR 5.0 recovery volumes
also store service information such as checksums of protected
RAR files. So they are slightly larger than RAR volumes
which they protect. If you plan to copy individual RAR and REV
files to some removable media, you need to take it into account
and specify RAR volume size by a few kilobytes smaller
than media size.

The optional <N> parameter specifies a number of recovery
volumes to create. It must be less than the total number of
RAR volumes in the set for RAR 4.x and must not be larger
than tenfold amount of RAR volumes for RAR 5.0 format.
Values exceeding the threshold are adjusted automatically.

You may also append a percent or 'p' character to this parameter,
in such case the number of creating .rev files will be equal to
this percent taken from the total number of RAR volumes.
For example:

rar rv15% data.part01.rar

If <N> parameter is omitted, it is set to 10%.

RAR reconstructs missing and damaged volumes either when
using 'rc' command or automatically, if it cannot locate
the next volume and finds the required number of .rev files
when unpacking.

Original copies of damaged volumes are renamed to *.bad
before reconstruction. For example, volname.part03.rar
will be renamed to volname.part03.rar.bad.


s[name] Convert archive to SFX. The archive is merged with a SFX module
(using a module in file default.sfx or specified in the switch).
In the Windows version default.sfx should be placed in the
same directory as the rar.exe, in Unix - in the user's
home directory, in /usr/lib or /usr/local/lib.

s- Remove SFX module from the already existing SFX archive.
RAR creates a new archive without SFX module, the original
SFX archive is not deleted.

t Test archive files. This command performs a dummy file
extraction, writing nothing to the output stream, in order to
validate the specified file(s).

Examples:

Test archives in current directory:

rar t *

or for Unix:

rar t '*'

User may test archives in all sub-directories, starting
with the current path:

rar t -r *

or for Unix:

rar t -r '*'


u Update files in archive. Adds files not yet in the archive
and updates archived files that are older than files to add.


v[t[a],b]
Verbosely list archive contents [technical [all], bare].

'v' command lists archived file attributes, size, packed size,
compression ratio, date, time, checksum and name, one file
per line. If file is encrypted, line starts from '*' character.
For BLAKE2sp checksum only two first and one last symbol are
displayed.

'vt' displays the detailed file information in multiline mode.
This information includes file checksum value, host OS,
compression options and other parameters.

'vta' provide the detailed information not only for files,
but also for service headers like NTFS streams
or file security data.

'vb' lists bare file names with path, one per line,
without any additional information.

You can use -v switch to list contents of all volumes
in volume set: rar v -v vol.part1.rar

Commands 'vt', 'vta' and 'vb' are equal to 'lt', 'lta'
and 'lb' correspondingly.


x Extract files with full path.

Examples:

1) extract 10cents.txt to current directory not displaying
the archive comment

rar x -c- dime 10cents.txt

2) extract *.txt from docs.rar to c:\docs directory

rar x docs.rar *.txt c:\docs\

3) extract the entire contents of docs.rar to current directory

rar x docs.rar


Switches (used in conjunction with a command):


-? Display help on commands and switches.
Same as none or illegal command line option are entered.


-- Stop switches scanning

This switch tells to RAR that there are no more switches
in the command line. It could be useful, if either archive
or file name starts from '-' character. Without '--' switch
such a name would be treated as a switch.

Example:

add all files from the current directory to the solid archive
'-StrangeName'

RAR a -s -- -StrangeName


-@[+] Disable [enable] file lists

RAR treats command line parameters starting from '@' character
as file lists. So by default, RAR attempts to read 'filename'
filelist, when encountering '@filename' parameter.
But if '@filename' file exists, RAR treats the parameter
as '@filename' file instead of reading the file list.

Switch -@[+] allows to avoid this ambiguity and strictly
define how to handle parameters starting from '@' character.

If you specify -@, all such parameters found after this switch
will be considered as file names, not file lists.

If you specify -@+, all such parameters found after this switch
will be considered as file lists, not file names.

This switch does not affect processing parameters located
before it.

Example:

test the archived file '@home'

rar t -@ notes.rar @home


-ac Clear Archive attribute after compression or extraction
(Windows version only).

If -ac is specified when archiving, "Archive" file attribute
is cleared for successfully compressed files. When extracting,
-ac will clear "Archive" attribute for extracted files.
This switch does not affect directory attributes.


-ad[1,2]
Alternate destination path.

This option may be useful when unpacking a group of archives.

Switches -ad and -ad1 create a separate directory for files
unpacked from each archive. These separate directories are
created in destination directory for -ad and in each archive's
directory for -ad1.

Switch -ad2 places unpacked files directly to each archive's
directory. Separate directories are not created.

Destination directory parameter is ignored for -ad1 and -ad2
switches.

Examples:

1) rar x -ad *.rar data\

RAR will create subdirectories below 'data'
for every unpacking archive.

2) rar x -r -ad1 arc\*.rar

RAR will recursively scan 'arc' directory for *.rar archives
and create subdirectories in each archive's directory.


-ag[format]
Generate archive name using the current date and time.

Appends the current date string to an archive name when
creating or processing an archive. Useful for daily backups.

Format of the appending string is defined by the optional
"format" parameter or by "YYYYMMDDHHMMSS" if this parameter
is absent. The format string may include the following
characters:

Y - year
M - month
MMM - month name as text string (Jan, Feb, etc.)
W - a week number (a week starts with Monday)
A - day of week number (Monday is 1, Sunday - 7)
D - day of month
E - day of year
H - hours
M - minutes (first two 'M' after hours treated as minutes)
I - minutes (treated as minutes regardless of hours position)
S - seconds
N - archive number. RAR searches for already existing archive
with generated name and if found, increments the archive
number until generating a unique name. 'N' format character
is not supported when creating volumes.
When performing non-archiving operations like extracting,
RAR selects the existing archive preceding the first
unused name or sets N to 1 if no such archive exists.

Each of format string characters listed above represents only
one character added to archive name. For example, use WW for
two digit week number or YYYY to define four digit year.

If the first character in the format string is '+', positions
of the date string and base archive name are exchanged,
so a date will precede an archive name.

If the first character in the format string is 'F', the rest of
string specifies the default format string for -ag switch.
Such -agf<default_format> switch has a practical value only
if placed to rar.ini configuration file or RAR environment
variable. For example, if we set RAR environment variable to
-agfYYYY-MMM-DD, we can use -ag without a parameter with
YYYY-MMM-DD format string assumed.

The format string may contain optional text enclosed in '{'
and '}' characters. This text is inserted into archive name.

All other characters are added to an archive name without
changes.

If you need to process an already existing archive, be careful
with -ag switch. Depending on the format string and time passed
since previous -ag use, generated and existing archive names
may mismatch. In this case RAR will create or open a new archive
instead of processing the already existing one. You may use
-log switch to write the generated archive name to a file
and then read it from file for further processing.


Examples:

1) use the default YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format

rar a -ag backup

2) use DD-MMM-YY format

rar t -agDD-MMM-YY backup

3) use YYYYMMDDHHMM format, place date before 'backup'

rar a -ag+YYYYMMDDHHMM backup

4) use YYYY-WW-A format, include fields description

rar a -agYYYY{year}-WW{week}-A{wday} backup

5) use YYYYMMDD and the archive number. It allows to generate
unique names even when YYYYMMDD format mask used more than
once in the same day

rar a -agYYYYMMDD-NN backup


-ai Ignore file attributes.

If this switch is used when extracting, RAR does not set
general file attributes stored in archive to extracted files.
This switch preserves attributes assigned by operating system
to a newly created file.

If this switch is used when archiving, predefined values,
typical for file and directory, are stored instead of actual
attributes.

In Windows it affects archive, system, hidden and read-only
attributes. in Unix - user, group, and other file permissions.


-am[s,r]
Archive name and time [save, restore]

Switch -ams preserves the archive metadata, which includes
the original archive name and creation time. It can be used
with archive modification commands, such as 'a' or 'ch'.
Saved metadata is displayed in header of 'l' and 'v' archive
list commands.

If used together with -tk or -tl switches, -ams saves
the archive modification time set by these switches.

Switch -amr renames an archive to saved name. Also it sets
the stored time as the archive creation and modification time
in Windows and as the archive modification time in Unix.
It can be used together with 'ch' command only, which ignores
all other archive modification switches if -amr is specified.

Switch -am without 's' and 'r' modifiers is treated as -ams.


Examples:

1) create files.rar and save its metadata

rar a -am files.rar

2) restore the original name of myfiles.rar

rar ch -amr myfiles.rar


-ao Add files with "Archive" attribute set
(Windows version only).

If -ao is used when archiving, only files with "Archive"
file attribute will be added to archive. This switch does not
affect directories, so all matching directories are added
regardless of their attributes. You can also specify -ed switch
if you prefer to omit all directory records.

Example:

add all disk C: files with "Archive" attribute set
to the 'f:backup' and clear files "Archive" attribute

rar a -r -ac -ao f:backup c:\*.*


-ap<path>
Set path inside archive. This path is merged to file
names when adding files to an archive and removed
from file names when extracting.

For example, if you wish to add the file 'readme.txt'
to the directory 'DOCS\ENG' of archive 'release',
you may run:

rar a -apDOCS\ENG release readme.txt

or to extract 'ENG' to the current directory:

rar x -apDOCS release DOCS\ENG\*.*


-as Synchronize archive contents

If this switch is used when archiving, those archived files
which are not present in the list of the currently added
files, will be deleted from the archive. It is convenient to
use this switch in combination with -u (update) to synchronize
contents of archive and archiving directory.

For example, after the command:

rar a -u -as backup sources\*.cpp

the archive 'backup.rar' will contain only *.cpp files
from directory 'sources', all other files will be deleted
from the archive. It looks similar to creating a new archive,
but with one important exception: if no files are modified
since the last backup, the operation is performed much faster
than the creation of a new archive.


-cfg- Ignore configuration file and RAR environment variable.


-cl Convert file names to lower case.


-cu Convert file names to upper case.


-c- Disable comments show.


-df Delete files after archiving

Move files to archive. This switch in combination with
the command "A" performs the same action as the command "M".


-dh Open shared files

Allows to process files opened by other applications
for writing.

This switch helps if an application allowed read access
to file, but if all types of file access are prohibited,
the file open operation will still fail.

This option could be dangerous, because it allows
to archive a file, which at the same time is modified
by another application, so use it carefully.


-dr Delete files to Recycle Bin

Delete files after archiving and place them to Recycle Bin.
Available in Windows version only.


-ds Do not sort files while adding to a solid archive.


-dw Wipe files after archiving

Delete files after archiving. Before deleting file data
are overwritten by zero bytes to prevent recovery of deleted
files, file is truncated and renamed to temporary name.

Please be aware that such approach is designed for usual
hard disks, but may fail to overwrite the original file data
on solid state disks, as result of SSD wear leveling technology
and more complicated data addressing.


-ed Do not add empty directories

This switch indicates that directory records are not to be
stored in the created archive. When extracting such archives,
RAR creates non-empty directories based on paths of files
contained in them. Information about empty directories is
lost. All attributes of non-empty directories except a name
(access rights, streams, etc.) will be lost as well, so use
this switch only if you do not need to preserve such information.

If -ed is used with 'm' command or -df switch, RAR will not
remove empty directories.


-ep Exclude paths from names. This switch enables files to be
added to an archive without including the path information.
This could result in multiple files with the same name
existing in the archive.

If used when extracting, archived paths are ignored
for extracted files, so all files are created in the same
destination directory.


-ep1 Exclude base dir from names. Do not store or extract the path
entered in the command line. Ignored if path includes wildcards.

Examples:

1) add all files and directories from 'tmp' directory to archive
'test', but exclude 'tmp\' from archived names path:

rar a -ep1 -r test tmp\*

This is an equivalent to commands:

cd tmp
rar a -r ..\test
cd ..

2) extract files matching images\* mask to dest\ directory,
but remove 'images\' from paths of created files:

rar x -ep1 data images\* dest\


-ep2 Expand paths to full. Store full file paths (except the drive
letter and leading path separator) when archiving.


-ep3 Expand paths to full including the drive letter.
Windows version only.

This switch stores full file paths including the drive
letter if used when archiving. Drive separators (colons)
are replaced by underscore characters.

If you use -ep3 when extracting, it will change
underscores back to colons and create unpacked files
in their original directories and disks. If the user
also specified a destination path, it will be ignored.

It also converts UNC paths from \\server\share to
__server\share when archiving and restores them to
the original state when extracting.

This switch can help to backup several disks to the same
archive. For example, you may run:

rar a -ep3 -r backup.rar c:\ d:\ e:\

to create backup and:

rar x -ep3 backup.rar

to restore it.

But be cautious and use -ep3 only if you are sure that
extracting archive does not contain any malicious files.
In other words, use it if you have created an archive yourself
or completely trust its author. This switch allows to overwrite
any file in any location on your computer including important
system files and should normally be used only for the purpose
of backup and restore.


-ep4<path>
Exclude the path prefix from names.

If this switch is used when archiving, the specified path
is excluded from archived names if it is found in the beginning
of such name, but does not match the entire name. Comparison
is performed with names already prepared to store in archive,
with removed drive letters and leading path separators.

For example:

rar a -ep4texts\books archive c:\texts\books\technical

removes "text\books" from archived names, so they start
from 'technical'. Since comparison is performed with names,
as they are stored in archive, we can't use -ep4c:\texts\books.

If this switch is used when extracting, it works similarly to
-ap<path> switch. Path is removed if it is present
in the beginning of archived file name. For example:

rar x -ep4texts\books archive

removes 'texts\books' from those archived paths,
which start from it.


-e[+]<attr>
Specifies file exclude or include attributes mask.

<attr> is a number in the decimal, octal (with leading '0')
or hex (with leading '0x') format.

By default, without '+' sign before <attr>, this switch
defines the exclude mask. So if result of bitwise AND between
<attr> and file attributes is nonzero, file would not be
processed.

If '+' sign is present, it specifies the include mask.
Only those files which have at least one attribute specified
in the mask will be processed.

In Windows version is also possible to use symbols D, S, H,
A and R instead of a digital mask to denote directories
and files with system, hidden, archive and read-only attributes.
The order in which the attributes are given is not significant.
Unix version supports D and V symbols to define directory
and device attributes.

It is allowed to specify both -e<attr> and -e+<attr>
in the same command line.

Examples:

1) archive only directory names without their contents

rar a -r -e+d dirs

2) do not compress system and hidden files:

rar a -esh files

3) do not extract read-only files:

rar x -er files


-f Freshen files. May be used with archive extraction or creation.
The command string "a -f" is equivalent to the command 'f', you
could also use the switch '-f' with the commands 'm' or 'mf'. If
the switch '-f' is used with the commands 'x' or 'e', then only
old files would be replaced with new versions extracted from the
archive.


-hp[p] Encrypt both file data and headers.

This switch is similar to -p[pwd], but switch -p encrypts
only file data and leaves other information like file names
visible. This switch encrypts all sensitive archive areas
including file data, file names, sizes, attributes, comments
and other blocks, so it provides a higher security level.
Without a password it is impossible to view even the list of
files in archive encrypted with -hp.

Example:

rar a -hpfGzq5yKw secret report.txt

will add the file report.txt to the encrypted archive
secret.rar using the password 'fGzq5yKw'


-ht[b|c]
Select hash type [BLAKE2,CRC32] for file checksum.

File data integrity in RAR archive is protected by checksums
calculated and stored for every archived file.

By default, RAR uses CRC32 function to calculate the checksum.
RAR 5.0 archive format also allows to select BLAKE2sp hash
function instead of CRC32.

Specify -htb switch for BLAKE2sp and -htc for CRC32 hash function.
Since CRC32 is the default algorithm, you may need -htc only to
override -htb in RAR configuration.

CRC32 output is 32 bit length. While CRC32 properties are
suitable to detect most of unintentional data errors,
it is not reliable enough to verify file data identity.
In other words, if two files have the same CRC32,
it does not guarantee that file contents is the same.

BLAKE2sp output is 256 bit. Being a cryptographically strong
hash function, it practically guarantees that if two files
have the same value of BLAKE2sp, their contents is the same.
BLAKE2sp error detection property is also more reliable than
in shorter CRC32.

Since BLAKE2sp output is longer, resulting archive is
slightly larger for -htb switch.

If archive headers are unencrypted (no switch -hp), checksums
for encrypted RAR 5.0 files are modified using a special
password dependent algorithm, to make impossible guessing
file contents based on checksums. Do not expect such encrypted
file checksums to match usual CRC32 and BLAKE2sp values.

This switch is supported only by RAR 5.0 format, so you
need to use -ma switch with it.

You can see checksums of archived files using 'vt' or 'lt'
commands.


Example:

rar a -ma -htb lists.rar *.lst

will add *.lst to lists.rar using BLAKE2sp for file checksums.


-id[c,d,n,p,q]
Display or disable messages.

Switch -idc disables the copyright string.

Switch -idd disables "Done" string at the end of operation.

Switch -idn disables archived names output when creating,
testing or extracting an archive. It disables directory creation
messages when unpacking a file to non-existing directory.
It can affect some other archive processing commands as well.
It does not hide other messages and total percentage indicator.
Minor visual artifacts, such as percentage indicator overwriting
few last characters of error messages, are possible with -idn.

Switch -idp disables the percentage indicator.

Switch -idq turns on the quiet mode, so only error messages
and questions are displayed.

It is allowed to use several modifiers at once,
so switch -idcdp is correct.


-ieml[.][addr]
Send archive by email. Windows version only.

Attach an archive created or updated by the add command
to email message. You need to have a MAPI compliant email
client to use this switch (most modern email programs
support MAPI interface).

You may enter a destination email address directly
in the switch or leave it blank. In the latter case you
will be asked for it by your email program. It is possible
to specify several addresses separated by commas or semicolons.

If you append a dot character to -ieml, an archive will be
deleted after it was successfully attached to an email.
If the switch is used when creating a multivolume archive,
every volume is attached to a separate email message.


-ierr Send all messages to stderr.


-ilog[name]
Log errors to file.

Write error messages to rar.log file. If optional 'name'
parameter is not specified, the log file is created
using the following defaults:

Unix: .rarlog file in the user's home directory;
Windows: rar.log file in %APPDATA%\WinRAR directory.

If 'name' parameter includes a file name without path,
RAR will create the log file in the default directory
mentioned above using the specified name. Include both path
and name to 'name' parameter if you wish to change
the location of log file.

By default, log file uses UTF-16 little endian encoding,
but it can be changed with -sc<charset>g switch, such as -scag
for native single byte encoding.


Example:

rar a -ilogc:\log\backup.log backup d:\docs

will create c:\log\backup.log log file in case of errors.


-inul Disable all messages.


-ioff[n]
Turn PC off after completing an operation.

Use -ioff or -ioff1 to turn PC off, -ioff2 to hibernate,
-ioff3 to sleep and -ioff4 to restart. Appropriate power features
must be supported by operating system.

If several RAR copies are started with this switch,
PC is turned off by a copy finished last.

Windows version only.


-isnd[-]
Control notification sounds.

Use -isnd to enable notification sounds and -isnd- to disable them.


-iver Display the version number and quit. You can run just "RAR -iver".


-k Lock archive.

Prevents accidental archive modification by RAR.
See the 'k' command description for details.

Example:

rar a -k final.rar srcfiles


-kb Keep broken extracted files.

RAR, by default, deletes files with checksum errors
after extraction. The switch -kb specifies that files
with checksum errors should not be deleted.


-log[fmt][=name]
Write names to log file.

This switch allows to write archive and file names to specified
text file in archiving, extracting, deleting and listing commands.
Its behavior is defined by 'fmt' string, which can include one
or more of following characters:

A - write archive names to log file. If RAR creates or processes
volumes, all volume names are logged.

F - write processed file names to log file. It includes
files added to archive and extracted, deleted or listed
files inside of archive.

P - if log file with specified name exists, append data
to existing file instead of creating a new one.

U - write data in Unicode format.

If neither 'A' nor 'F' are specified, 'A' is assumed.

'name' parameter allows to specify the name of log file.
It must be separated from 'fmt' string by '=' character.
If 'name' is not present, RAR will use the default rarinfo.log
file name.

It is allowed to specify several -log switches in the same
command line.

This switch can be particularly useful, when you need to process
an archive created with -ag or -v switches in a batch script.
You can specify -loga=arcname.txt when creating an archive
and then read an archive name generated by RAR from arcname.txt
with an appropriate command. For example, in Windows batch file
it can be: set /p name=<arcname.txt.

Examples:

1) write names of created volumes to vollist.txt:

rar a -v100m -loga=vollist.txt volume.rar c:\data

2) write the generated archive name to backup.txt in Unicode:

rar a -ag -logau=backup.txt backup.rar myfiles\*

3) write names of tested volumes to vollist.txt and names
of tested archived files inside of volumes to filelist.txt:

rar t -log=vollist.txt -logf=filelist.txt volume.part01.rar


-m<n> Set compression method:

-m0 store do not compress file when adding to archive
-m1 fastest use fastest method (less compressive)
-m2 fast use fast compression method
-m3 normal use normal (default) compression method
-m4 good use good compression method (more
compressive, but slower)
-m5 best use best compression method (slightly more
compressive, but slowest)

If this switch is not specified, RAR uses -m3 method
(normal compression).


-ma[4|5]
Specify a version of archiving format.

By default RAR creates archives in RAR 5.0 format.
Use -ma4 to create RAR 4.x archives.
Use -ma5 or just -ma in case you need to override -ma4 saved
in configuration and force RAR to use RAR 5.0 format.

This switch is used only when creating a new archive.
It is ignored when updating an existing archive.


-mc<par>
Set advanced compression parameters.

This switch is intended mainly for benchmarking and
experiments. In the real environment it is usually better
to allow RAR to select optimal parameters automatically.
Please note that improper use of this switch may lead
to very serious performance and compression loss, so use
it only if you clearly understand what you do.

It has the following syntax:

-mc[param1][:param2][module][+ or -]

where <module> is the one character field denoting a part
of the compression algorithm, which has to be configured.

It may have the following values:

A - audio compression;
C - true color (RGB) data compression;
D - delta compression;
E - x86 executable compression;
T - text compression.

RAR 5.0 archive format supports only 'D' and 'E' values.

'+' sign at the end of switch applies the selected algorithm
module to all processed data, '-' disables the module at all.
If no sign is specified, RAR will choose modules automatically,
based on data and the current compression method.

Switch -mc- disables all optional modules and allows only
the general compression algorithm.

<Param1> and <Param2> are module dependent parameters
described below.


Audio compression, delta compression:

<Param1> is a number of byte channels (can be 1 - 31).
RAR splits multibyte channels to bytes, for example,
two 16-bit audio channels are considered by RAR as four
channels one byte each.

<Param2> is ignored.


x86 Intel executable compression, true color (RGB) data
compression:

<Param1> and <Param2> are ignored.


Text compression:

Text compression algorithm provides noticeably higher compression
on plain text data. But it cannot utilize several CPU cores
efficiently resulting in slower compression time comparing to
general algorithm in multicore and multiprocessor environment.
Also its decompression speed is much slower than in general
algorithm regardless of CPU cores number. This is why
the text compression is disabled by default. You can specify
-mct switch to allow RAR to select this algorithm automatically
for suitable data. Switch -mct+ will force use of the text
compression for all data.

Switch -mct can also include <Param1> and <Param2>, so its
full syntax is -mc[param1][:param2]t[+ or -].

<Param1> is the order of PPM algorithm (can be 2 - 63).
Usually a

END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT

The following agreement regarding RAR (and its Windows version - WinRAR)
archiver - referred to as "software" - is made between win.rar GmbH -
referred to as "licensor" - and anyone who is installing, accessing
or in any other way using the software - referred to as "user".

1. The author and holder of the copyright of the software is
Alexander L. Roshal. The licensor and as such issuer of the license
and bearer of the worldwide exclusive usage rights including the rights
to reproduce, distribute and make the software available to the public
in any form is win.rar GmbH, Marienstr. 12, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

2. The software is distributed as try before you buy. This means that
anyone may use the software during a test period of a maximum of 40 days
at no charge. Following this test period, the user must purchase
a license to continue using the software.

3. The software's trial version may be freely distributed, with exceptions
noted below, provided the distribution package is not modified in any way.

a. Nobody may distribute separate parts of the package, with the exception
of the UnRAR components, without written permission.

b. The software's unlicensed trial version may not be distributed
inside of any other software package without written permission.
The software must remain in the original unmodified installation
file for download without any barrier and conditions to the user
such as collecting fees for the download or making the download
conditional on the user giving his contact data.

c. The unmodified installation file of WinRAR must be provided pure
and unpaired. Any bundling is interdicted. In particular the use
of any install or download software which is providing any kind
of download bundles is prohibited unless granted by win.rar GmbH
in written form.

d. Hacks/cracks, keys or key generators may not be included, pointed to
or referred to by the distributor of the trial version.

e. In case of violation of the precedent conditions the allowance
lapses immediately and automatically.

4. The trial version of the software can display a registration reminder
dialog. Depending on the software version and configuration such dialog
can contain either a predefined text and links loaded locally
or a web page loaded from the internet. Such web page can contain
licensing instructions or other materials according to the licensor's
choice, including advertisement. When opening a web page, the software
transfers only those parameters which are technically required
by HTTP protocol to successfully open a web page in a browser.

5. The software is distributed "as is". No warranty of any kind is expressed
or implied. You use at your own risk. Neither the author, the licensor
nor the agents of the licensor will be liable for data loss, damages,
loss of profits or any other kind of loss while using or misusing
this software.

6. There are 2 basic types of licenses issued for the software. These are:

a. A single computer usage license. The user purchases one license to
use the software on one computer.

Home users may use their single computer usage license on all
computers and mobile devices (USB drive, external hard drive, etc.)
which are property of the license owner.

Business users require one license per computer or mobile device
on which the software is installed.

b. A multiple usage license. The user purchases a number of usage
licenses for use, by the purchaser or the purchaser's employees
on the same number of computers.

In a network (server/client) environment the user must purchase
a license copy for each separate client (workstation) on which
the software is installed, used or accessed. A separate license copy
for each client (workstation) is needed regardless of whether
the clients (workstations) will use the software simultaneously
or at different times. If for example you wish to have 9 different
clients (workstations) in your network with access to RAR,
you must purchase 9 license copies.

A user who purchased a license, is granted a non-exclusive right to use
the software on as many computers as defined by the licensing terms above
according to the number of licenses purchased, for any legal purpose.

7. There are no additional license fees, apart from the cost of the license,
associated with the creation and distribution of RAR archives,
volumes, self-extracting archives or self-extracting volumes.
Owners of a license may use their copies of the software to produce
archives and self-extracting archives and to distribute those archives
free of any additional royalties.

8. The licensed software may not be rented or leased but may be permanently
transferred, in its entirety, if the recipient agrees to the terms of
this license.

9. To buy a license, please read the file order.htm provided with
the software for details.

10. You may not use, copy, emulate, clone, rent, lease, sell, modify,
decompile, disassemble, otherwise reverse engineer, or transfer
the licensed software, or any subset of the licensed software,
except as provided for in this agreement. Any such unauthorized use
shall result in immediate and automatic termination of this license
and may result in criminal and/or civil prosecution.

Neither RAR binary code, WinRAR binary code, UnRAR source
or UnRAR binary code may be used or reverse engineered to re-create
the RAR compression algorithm, which is proprietary, without written
permission.

The software may be using components developed and/or copyrighted
by third parties. Please read "Acknowledgments" help file topic
for WinRAR or acknow.txt text file for other RAR versions for details.

11. This License Agreement is construed solely and exclusively under
German law. If you are a merchant, the courts at the registered office
of win.rar GmbH in Berlin/Germany shall have exclusive jurisdiction
for any and all disputes arising in connection with this License
Agreement or its validity.

12. Installing and using the software signifies acceptance of these terms
and conditions of the license. If you do not agree with the terms of this
license, you must remove all software files from your storage devices
and cease to use the software.